Applied Causal Inference 101: Non-Experimental Data — In the first part of this article, we discussed some of the core ideas of identifying the causal effect of doing something (such as receiving a treatment, implementing a policy, etc.). In case you missed it, here is the link to the first part: How to Explore the Effect of Doing Something? (Part 1) Causal Inference 101: The Experimental Idealvivdas.medium.com

Applied Causal Inference 101: Counterfactual Worlds and The Experimental Ideal — When you saw the subtitle of this article, did you see the word “casual”? May be “interference” as well? If you did, you are not alone! We, humans, are wired to make sense of the world based on our prior experiences. As we get exposed to the word “casual” more…

Lower Expectations, Higher Happiness — Humans often disagree on most things in life: from arguing over the best restaurant in town to the greatest footballer of all time. …

Learn to visualize the impact of real-world events — In case you have taken an introductory statistics/data science course, you must have noticed that instructors often use idealized datasets — with rows and columns in the perfect shape. …

Know the null hypothesis! — A few days back, I was chatting with a friend about a paper. At one point, the conversation went like this: Friend: (Referring to a result mentioned in the paper) the difference in the average outcome between the two groups is statistically significant. I: yeah, it just suggests that the…

Struggle and (Potential) Remedy — Oftentimes, the key purpose of data analysis is to provide insightful suggestions to some authority so that they can make changes to achieve a desirable outcome. For example, a supermarket owner may want to know whether offering a loyalty card to the customers will increase sales. This type of question…

A Step by Step Tutorial — In this article, we will discuss how to create tables in R using the KableExtra package. Although our main focus is to create a table in LaTex format, in case you prefer writing documents in MS Word, we will also show how to manually export KableExtra tables to MS Word. …

A Step by Step Tutorial — In this article, we will discuss how to visualize the distribution of a continuous variable using the ggplot2 package in R. To be more specific, we are going to learn how to make histograms, density plots, box plots, ridgeline plots, and violin plots in…

Regression models can be used for two purposes: predictive modeling and causal inference. However, based on my experience and understanding, introductory/intermediate statistics/data science courses focus almost entirely on the application of regression models for predictive purposes. This makes some sense in terms of preparing students for a successful career in…